Wanderings IIIb Semantics

This was supposed to be about verbs, which are, after all, said to be the basis of the language.   But my head ran off to other things. Like
Personal Pronouns
The first, nonsingulars, have both inclusive and exclusive forms.

The second has three forms respectful, familiar, dismissive, for addressing those above, those on the same level and those below.  These levels are very precisely defined and take effect immediately: There is a story about an official who heard that a person he had known all his life and who had come up the rank ladder just behind him had just been promoted to his level.  He went to congratulate him and say how happy he was to now be able to use the familiar form with him. His acquaintance informed him that he had just been demoted and his former inferior now took his place -- all said with the dismissive form. The three forms are said to derive (it is possible but hard to prove) from three responses to direct address: judging, chatting, and obeying.  The first person form derives from the verb for speaking.  Nonsingular forms always go the highest rank among the hearers (when in doubt, respectful) and the inclusive non-singulars have the same diversity and rules. Women a children rank a rank below their male guardian, should a man ever speak to one, and nonhuman and inanimate objects (should they need to be addressed) are always dismissive.

The third, derived from a verb that is mainly used to say "there is/are", takes the "gender" mark of its referent, if that is clear, otherwise a bare form, "one", roughly, which is also used impersonally.

The language has about a dozen noun classes, marked by distinctive prefixes. No pattern for the division has ever been worked out, though, in some cases, new words have been fitted into classes with some sort of ad hoc explanation. Prefixes go on the noun and a direct modifier (however remotely placed) and on anaphoric pronouns, both restrictive and non-restrictive, but not on a predicate modifier (as we would say, it is strictly a verb).

Deictic pronouns are based on the verbs for pointing, aiming and hunting and sporadically use "gender" markers for the intended object  (and always do when used adjectivally).

Tenses proper:
A present tense and an anticipation tense, then that pair transported to a remembered time are the basic units.  From each of these four stable points extend vectors forward and backward  as well as spreading out over the time immediately around the point.  There is also a bare form, usually to mark the central events around which the rest are organized (officially), for each point is defined by the occurrence of some event.  In the official line, pastward vectors mark events which are relevant to the present even only in passing, while the pastward displacement of a point marks an event that needs to be developed in dealing with the present event.  Futureward vectors different from anticipation points only in degrees of the speaker's confidence in their eventual occurrence (more for displacement, less for vector).  Some of these forms have little purely tense use, except, perhaps, in indirect discourse, but they are put to other uses as well (contrary to fact and such like subjunctives, optatives, and so on).